Linux udev

udev

udev (userspace /dev) is a device manager for the Linux kernel.

udevd listens to kernel uevents and passes the incoming events to udev.

Users can register custom rules in /etc/udev/rules.d/.

device info

If you want to know the information of /dev/i2c-1, run the below command.

udevadm info -ap $(udevadm info -q path -n /dev/i2c-1)

The information displayed is useful for writing rules for the device.

xx-descriptive-name.rules

Files should be named xx-descriptive-name.rules, the xx should be chosen first according to the following sequence points:

\< 60 most user rules; if you want to prevent an assignment being overriden by default rules, use the := operator. These cannot access persistent information such as that from vol_id

\< 70 rules that run helpers such as vol_id to populate the udev db

\< 90 rules that run other programs (often using information in the udev db)

>=90 rules that should run last

Example

/etc/udev/rules.d/50-gpio.rules

SUBSYSTEM=="i2c-dev", GROUP="i2c", MODE="0660"
SUBSYSTEM=="spidev", GROUP="spi", MODE="0660"
SUBSYSTEM=="input", GROUP="input", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="ttyS*", GROUP="dialout", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="ttyAML*", GROUP="dialout", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="ttySAC*", GROUP="dialout", MODE="0660"

SUBSYSTEM=="gpio", GROUP="gpio", MODE="0660"
# /sys/class/gpio
SUBSYSTEM=="gpio*", PROGRAM="/bin/sh -c 'find -L /sys/class/gpio/ -maxdepth 2 -exec chgrp -HR gpio {} \; -exec chmod -R 770 {} \; || true'"

The first line means that if i2c-dev is detected, the group is set to i2c and the mode is set to 0660.